Last data update: May 06, 2024. (Total: 46732 publications since 2009)
Records 1-4 (of 4 Records) |
Query Trace: Ahmed SS[original query] |
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High prevalence of vaccine-type infections among children with pneumococcal pneumonia and effusion after 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine introduction in the Dominican Republic
Ahmed SS , Lessa FC , Coradin H , Sánchez J , Carvalho MDG , Soda E , Peña C , Fernández J , Cedano D , Whitney CG , Feris-Iglesias J . J Infect Dis 2021 224 S228-s236 BACKGROUND: In 2013, the Dominican Republic introduced 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13) using a 3-dose schedule (at 2, 4 and 12 months of age). We evaluated the impact of PCV13 on serotypes causing pneumococcal pneumonia with pleural effusion. METHODS: Surveillance data after PCV13 introduction (July 2014 to June 2016) were compared with data before PCV13 introduction (July 2009 to June 2011). Cases were defined as radiologic evidence of pneumonia with pleural effusion in a child aged <15 years. Pneumococcus was detected in pleural fluid by either culture or polymerase chain reaction, and serotyping was performed. The Ministry of Health's PCV13 uptake data for 2014-2016 were obtained. RESULTS: The prevalence of pneumococcus among cases was similar before and after PCV13 introduction (56.4% and 52.8%, respectively). The proportion of pneumococcal cases caused by vaccine serotypes was 86% for children <2 years old both before and PCV13 introduction. Compared with before PCV13, serotype 14 accounted for a smaller (28% vs 13%, respectively; P = .02) and serotype 1 for a larger (23% vs 37%; P = .09) proportion of pneumococcal cases after PCV13 introduction. National uptake for the first, second, and third PCV13 doses was 94%, 81%, and 28%, respectively, in 2014 and 75%, 61%, and 26% in 2015. DISCUSSION: While the decrease in pneumococcal pneumonia with pleural effusion caused by serotype 14 may reflect an early effect of PCV13 implementation, other vaccine serotypes, including serotype 1, are not well controlled. Better PCV13 coverage for all 3 doses is needed. |
Early impact of 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine use on invasive pneumococcal disease among adults with and without underlying medical conditions - United States
Ahmed SS , Pondo T , Xing W , McGee L , Farley M , Schaffner W , Thomas A , Reingold A , Harrison L , Lynfield R , Rowlands J , Bennett N , Petit S , Barnes M , Smelser C , Beall B , Whitney CG , Pilishvili T . Clin Infect Dis 2019 70 (12) 2484-2492 BACKGROUND: The 13-valent pneumococcal vaccine (PCV13) was introduced for U.S. children in 2010, and for immunocompromised adults >/=19 years old in series with the 23-valent polysaccharide vaccine (PPSV23) in 2012. To quantify indirect effects before the 2014 introduction of PCV13 for all adults >/=65 years old, we evaluated PCV13 impact on invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) among adults with and without PCV13 indications. METHODS: We estimated IPD incidence using Active Bacterial Core surveillance and National Health Interview Survey. We compared incidence in 2013-2014 and 2007-2008, by age and serotype group (PCV13, PPSV23-unique, or types in neither vaccine [NVT]), among adults with and without PCV13 indications. RESULTS: IPD incidence declined among all adults. Among adults 19-64 years, PCV13-type IPD declined 57% (95%CI:-68,-43) in adults with immunocompromising conditions (IC, indication for PCV13 use), 57% (95%CI:-62, -52) in immunocompetent adults with chronic medical conditions (CMC, indications for PPSV23 use alone), and 74% (95%CI:-78,-70) in adults with neither vaccine indication. Among adults >/=65 years, PCV13-type IPD decreased 68% (95%CI:-76,-60) in those with IC, 68% (95%CI:-72,-63) in those with CMC, and 71% (95%CI:-77,-64) in healthy adults. PPSV23-unique types increased in adults 1964 years with CMC, and NVT did not change among adults with or without PCV13 indications. From 2013-2014, non-PCV13 serotypes accounted for nearly 80% of IPD. CONCLUSION: IPD incidence among U.S. adults declined after PCV13 introduction in children. Similar reductions in PCV13-type IPD in those with and without PCV13 indications suggest observed benefits are largely due to indirect effects from pediatric PCV13 use rather than direct use among adults. |
Legionnaires disease at a hotel in Missouri, 2015: The importance of environmental health expertise in understanding water systems
Ahmed SS , Hunter CM , Mercante JW , Garrison LE , Turabelidze G , Kunz J , Cooley LA . J Environ Health 2019 81 (7) 8-13 During a Legionnaires disease outbreak at a Missouri hotel in 2015, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention assisted state and local health departments to identify possible sources and transmission factors and to recommend improvements to water management. We performed an environmental assessment to understand the hotels water systems and identify areas of risk for Legionella amplifi cation and transmission. We obtained samples from the pool, spa, and potable water systems for Legionella culture. In the potable water system, we noted temperatures ideal for Legionella amplifi cation and areas of water stagnation. Additionally, we found inadequate documentation of pool and spa disinfection and maintenance. Of 40 water samples, Legionella pneumophila serogroup 1 that matched the sequence type of one available clinical isolate was recovered from five sink and shower fixtures. A comprehensive environmental assessment proved crucial to identifying maintenance issues in the hotels water systems and underscored the need for a water management program to reduce Legionnaires disease risk. |
The role of wound care in 2 group A Streptococcal outbreaks in a chicago skilled nursing facility, 2015-2016
Ahmed SS , Diebold KE , Brandvold JM , Ewaidah SS , Black S , Ogundimu A , Li Z , Stone ND , Van Beneden CA . Open Forum Infect Dis 2018 5 (7) ofy145 Two consecutive outbreaks of group A Streptococcus (GAS) infections occurred from 2015-2016 among residents of a Chicago skilled nursing facility. Evaluation of wound care practices proved crucial for identifying transmission factors and implementing prevention measures. We demonstrated shedding of GAS on settle plates during care of a colonized wound. |
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